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Tests for Small Electric Vehicles and Electric Bicycles

For a long time, it has been expected that the gaps in modern mobility will someday be bridged by new products. In particular for the last few kilometers between walking and the traditional means of transport which are intended for long distances (buses, trains, planes, cars), there was a lack of suitable mobility aids. New vehicle concepts such as electric scooters, S-pedelecs, one-wheelers, segways, etc. are now providing products for commuters and innovation-oriented amateur athletes. Their safety is standardized by European test requirements and national type approval models such as the new Small Electric Vehicle Ordinance for German road traffic.
The safety tests of electric bicycles were harmonized at a European level. This means that the framework directive can be complied with in a more structured way. To ensure that these types of vehicles, which enhance our overall mobility, do not end up the nowhere regarding safety, DEKRA offers objective testing of these products using our expertise from the areas of machine safety and automotive testing. Since 1990, DEKRA has been an officially notified technical service of the German Federal Transport Authority and provides comprehensive expertise. Whether it is a machine, bicycle, L-category vehicle or small electric vehicle is only relevant for the selection of the correct test requirements. The common goal of the tests is to reduce technical safety deficiencies in vehicle engineering, related hazards for the user and resulting liability risks for the manufacturer to a minimum. The verification of conformity with these requirements is a milestone for a sustainable market image and the required associated homologation.
Electric bicycles (group A):
DEKRA tests EPACs in accordance with DIN EN 15194 which is harmonized under the Machinery Directive (2006/42/EC) This covers the following:
  • Labeling and operating instructions
  • Mechanical and electrical safety
  • Electrical safety of the individual systems of the drive train, e. g. the battery according to UN 38.3 T1 to T8 or DIN EN 62133-2
  • Immunity and protection against electromagnetic radiation (EMC test)
  • Functional safety of the electric motor drive train, e. g. EN ISO 13849-1/-2
Vehicles (group B):
Subgroup S-pedelec, S-bike, PLEV, L-category vehicles:
  • Testing of L-category vehicles in accordance with the Directive 168/2013/EC and the European vehicle registration ordinance (EU-FZV)
  • Vehicle tests across groups
  • Subgroup e-scooters, self-balancing vehicles (small vehicles)
  • Tests in accordance with the Small Electric Vehicle Ordinance (eKFV) 2019 in conjunction with the German Road Traffic Licensing Regulation (STVZO)
Other tests
DEKRA also offers tests in the area of product characteristics or benchmarking:
  • Chemical harmful substances analyses
  • Material engineering expertise
  • Range tests, e. g. as per the Zweirad-Industrie-Verband [bicycle industry association] R200 for e-bikes
  • Continuous rated power tests of the electric motor drive train
  • Consumption measurement
  • Stress test of the battery system, e. g. DIN EN 62368-1 Annex M
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